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- Category: Accessories
- Category: Articles
- Category: BARGAIN BEAUTY SECRETS
- Category: Beauty
- Category: Clothing
- Category: Collections
- Category: COSMETIC APPLICATIONS. OF LASER AND LIGHT-. BASED SYSTEMS
- I mpact on Physician Practices
- Consumer Response
- Market Growth
- Next Generation Home-Use Devices
- First-Generation Home-Use Devices
- Light-Based Devices for At-Home Use
- Safety Administration and Training
- Non-Beam Hazards
- Laser Hazard Classification
- Standards for Quantifying Risks
- Eye Protective Goggles
- Service Personnel
- Safety of Other Bystanders
- Safety of the Surgical Staff
- Safety of the Operator
- Remitted Light
- Safety of the Staff-Reflections and Probability of Exposure
- Periorbital Surgery and Patient Eye Protection
- Biological Hazards of Laser Beams
- Eye Safety of Laser and Light-Based Devices
- Analgesics
- Epidermal Cooling
- Management of Adverse Effects
- Photosensitizing Drugs
- Tattoos
- Tan Skin
- Contraindications
- Paradoxical Hair Growth
- Chronic Effects
- Secondary Effects
- Other Acute Primary Effects
- Pigmentary Changes
- Pain and Discomfort
- Erythema and Edema
- Primary Effects: Thermal-Related Toxicity
- Dermal Safety Evaluation of Lasers
- Other
- Vascular Lesions
- Tattoo Removal
- Skin Rejuvenation
- Hair Removal
- Dermatological Uses of Lasers and Light-Based Devices
- Mechanism of Action
- Laser-Skin Interaction
- I rradiance, Fluence, and Exposure
- (Non-laser) Intense Pulsed Light
- Neodymium:Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet (Nd:YAG)
- Alexandrite
- Ruby
- Types of Lasers
- Dermal Safety of Laser and Light-Based Systems
- Variances and Exemptions
- Specific-Purpose Products
- Special Requirements for Clearance Over-the-Counter (non-prescription) Devices
- Requests for Additional Information
- 510(k) Summary or Statement
- Convenience Kits and Trays
- Sterility
- Software
- Biocompatibility
- Performance
- Description
- Class III Certification and Summary
- Substantial Equivalence Comparison
- Labeling119
- Standards
- Classification
- Registration Number
- Truth and Accuracy Statement
- Identification
- Content and Format of a Traditional 510(k)
- Components of a 510(k) Application114
- 510(K) Process for Surgical Laser and Light-Based Devices
- Informed Consent—Protection of Human Subjects
- Review Procedures of the IRB
- Responsibilities of the IRB
- Structure of the IRB
- I nstitutional Review Boards
- Other Relevant Information To Be Included in an IDE
- Investigational Plan (21 CFR §812.25)
- Content of an IDE
- Promotion of Investigational Devices
- Notice of Disapproval or Withdrawal
- FDA Action105 on IDE Applications
- When To Apply
- Who Must Apply for an IDE
- IDE Exempt Investigations
- Nonsignificant Risk Device
- Significant Risk Device
- Approval Process
- Pre-IDE Submissions
- Pre-IDE Meetings
- Conducting a Clinical Investigation
- Pivotal Study
- Pilot Study
- Research Study
- What Are the Phases of Clinical Trials?
- How Do Clinical Trials Work?
- What Is a Clinical Trial?
- Clinical Studies with Investigational Laser and Light-Based Systems
- Requirements for Laser Products Performance
- Medical Laser Classification
- How Does the FDA Regulate Lasers?
- What Is a Laser?
- Special Issues for Radiation-Emitting Devices
- Definition of Electronic Product Radiation
- The FDA Classification of Light-Based Medical Devices
- Historical Background
- When a PMA Is Required
- PMA (Premarket Approval)
- Third-Party Review Program
- What Is Substantial Equivalence (SE)
- Device Modifications
- When a 510(k) Is Required
- When a 510(k) Is Not Required
- Who Is Required To Submit a 510(k)
- 510(k) Clearance to Market
- How To Determine Classification
- Class III—Premarket Approval
- Class II—Special Controls
- Class I—General Controls
- Device Classification
- The FDA Approval Process for Medical Devices
- Medical Device User Fee and Modernization Act (MDUFMA) of 2002
- The FDA Modernization Act 1997
- Safe Medical Device Amendments 1990
- Medical Device Amendments 1976
- History of FDA Regulations for Medical Devices
- FDA Regulations for Investigation and Approval of Medical Devices: Laser and Light-Based Systems
- PDT for Hair Removal
- Conclusions: PDT Skin Rejuvenation
- Intense Pulsed Light-Mediated PDT
- Topical ALA and LP PDL
- Topical MAL and Red Light
- Topical ALA and Blue Light
- PDT Photorejuvenation
- Conclusions: PDT for Acne
- Mechanism of PDT in Acne
- Topical ALA and LP PDL
- Topical ALA and Blue Light
- Topical ALA and Red Wavelengths
- Systemic ALA with Light
- Light Treatment Alone
- Acne Treatment with PDT
- And Hair Removal
- Combination of Eflornithine Cream with a Low-Fluence Laser Treatment
- Synergy of Vaniqa and Laser for Hair Management
- Laser Hair Removal
- Efficacy Limitations of Vaniqa
- Vaniqa Safety
- Efficacy of Vaniqa
- Eflornithine Cream Vaniqa™1: An Rx Topical Product for Unwanted Hair Growth
- Effect of Eflornithine on Hair Follicle Growth
- Other Uses of Eflornithine
- Anti-Proliferative Activity of Eflornithine
- Synergy of Eflornithine Cream with Laser and Light-Based Systems for Hair Management
- Lasers
- Clinical Studies
- Experimental Studies
- Light Emitting Diodes
- Clinical Studies
- Experimental Studies
- Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT)
- Light-Based Systems to Promote Wound Healing
- Laser Treatments for PFB
- Treatment of PFB with Topical Eflornithine
- Shaving Regimens for Managing PFB
- Biochemical Factors Involved in Elaboration of Curly Hair
- Etiology of PFB
- Treatment of Pseudofolliculitis Barbae
- Future Direction
- Clinical Studies
- Blue Light for Acne
- Mechanism of Action
- Basic Principles
- Etiology
- Treatment of Acne: Phototherapy with Blue Light
- TriActive Laser (Cynosure, Chelmsford, MA)
- VelaSmooth™ System (Syneron Medical Ltd, Yokneam, Israel)
- Accent™ Radiofrequency System (Alma Lasers Inc, Ceasaria, Israel; Fort Lauderdale, Fl)
- Photothermal Therapy
- High Frequency Ultrasonography
- Deep Skin Biopsy of Cellulitic Areas and Tissue Analysis
- Skin Elasticity
- Weight or Body Mass Index
- Thigh Circumference
- Simple Observation
- Methods for Cellulite Measurement
- Hormonal Influence on Cellulite Development
- Pathogenesis of Cellulite
- Histology of Cellulite
- Physiology of Cellulite
- Cellulite
- Cellulite Reduction: Photothermal Therapy for Cellulite
- Discussion
- Fractional Photothermolysis
- Radiofrequency
- Light Emitting Diodes
- Phototherapy
- Nonablative Instruments and Techniques
- Dermal Fillers and BOTOX Cosmetic
- Beyond Cosmetics—Prescription Technologies
- Kinetin (N6-Furfuryladenine)
- Peptides
- Ascorbic Acid
- Niacinamide
- Retinoids
- Cosmetics
- Wrinkles: Cosmetics, Drugs, and Energy-Based Systems
- Practical Tips
- Complications and Contraindications
- Published Clinical Findings
- Published Microscopic and Molecular Findings
- History
- Skin Rejuvenation Using Microdermabrasion
- Conclusions
- Dermal Fillers
- Botulinum Toxins
- Nonablative and Ablative Fractional Resurfacing
- Photopneumatic Therapy
- Photodynamic Therapy
- Nonablative Skin Resurfacing
- Ablative Laser Resurfacing
- Lasers and Light-Based Systems
- Light-Based Systems in Combination with Dermal Fillers and Botulinum Toxins
- Mechanism of Action
- Photodynamic Therapy
- Antiinflammatory Effects
- Clinical Applications
- LED Low-Level Light Photomodulation for Reversal of Photoaging
- Devices Currently Available
- Posttreatment Considerations
- Pretreatment Considerations
- Other Therapeutic Uses
- Melasma
- Scarring
- Photodamage
- Therapeutic Uses and Clinical Efficacy
- Biological Effects of Fractional Photothermolysis
- Fractional Treatment Parameters to Consider
- Fractional Photothermolysis Defined
- Skin Rejuvenation Using Fractional Photothermolysis: Efficacy and Safety
- Biochemical Target-Based Hair-Growth Reduction
- Photodynamic Therapy for Hair Removal
- Laser and Light-Based Systems
- Energy-Dependent Processes
- Vaniqa (Eflornithine), a Topical Drug (Rx) for Unwanted Facial Hair
- Pharmaceuticals (Rx) for Hair-Growth Control
- Cosmeceuticals for Hair Reduction
- Enzyme Depilatories
- Chemical Methods
- Epilation
- Physical Methods
- Management of Unwanted Hair
- Cell Viability
- Hair Follicle Tissue Remodeling
- Proliferation
- Apoptosis
- Morphology
- Methods to Assess Laser Effects on Hair Follicle Growth
- Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Hair-Follicle Response to the Laser
- Hair Follicle Response to Laser Is Fluence-Dependent
- Histopathological Changes Observed at Different Periods of Time after Laser Treatment
- Early Histopathological Changes Observed after Laser Treatment
- Mechanism of Laser-Induced Damage and Histopathological Changes in the Hair Follicle
- Principles of Laser Hair Removal and Factors Affecting Treatment Efficacy
- Hair Pigmentation
- Hair Follicle Anatomy and Hair Cycle
- Effect of Laser and Light-Based Systems on Hair Follicle Biology
- The IPL Devices
- The Nd:YAG Laser
- Diode
- Alexandrite Laser
- Ruby Laser
- Treatment of Subjects of Color
- Laser Hair Reduction
- Cooling the Epidermis
- Side Effects of Laser Hair Removal by Skin Type
- Some Basic Thermal Principles Describing the Response of Hair Follicles to Heat
- Hair Biology
- Melanogenesis in Skin and Hair
- Melanin in the Skin
- Hair Removal in Darker Skin Types Using Light-Based Devices
- Conclusion
- Review of Clinical Studies with Combined Optical and RF Hair Removal Systems
- Principle of Selective Photothermolysis: Combination of RF and Light Energies
- Synergy of Light and Radiofrequency Energy for Hair Removal
- Future Trends—Synergy with Cosmetic Technologies
- Paradoxical Hair Growth
- Eye Safety
- Adverse Effects
- Treatment of Lighter Hair Color
- Clinical Efficacy Data for Facial Hair
- Clinical Efficacy for Facial Hair Removal
- Types of Professional Hair Removal Lasers
- Contribution of Laser-Based Technologies to Facial Hair Removal
- Facial Hair Phenotypes and Regional Differences
- Regulation of Facial Hair Growth
- Facial Hair Biology
- Laser Treatment
- Drug Therapy
- Electrolysis
- Plucking/Waxing
- Depilation
- Shaving
- Survey of Facial Hair Removal/Management Methods
- Overall Contribution of Facial Hair to the Perception of Beauty
- Removal of Unwanted Facial Hair
- Conclusion
- Laser/Light-Based Removal of Nonpigmented Hair
- Intense Pulsed Light
- Nd:YAG Laser (Fig. 5.2)
- Diode Laser
- Laser and Light-Based Devices
- Hair Removal Using Light-Based Systems
- Clinical Applications
- Technology
- Fractional Skin Tightening
- Clinical Applications
- Technology
- Principles
- Nonablative Fractional Skin Resurfacing
- Treatments
- Photofacial Applications
- Technology
- Principles
- Multiple Wavelength Intense Pulsed Light-Based Systems
- Long Pulsed Nd:YAG Lasers
- Pigmented Lesions
- Potassium Titanyl Phosphate Lasers
- Coherent Light-Based Systems
- Select Laser and Pulsed Light Systems for Cosmetic Dermatology
- Appendix: Determination of Amplitude and Duration of Rectangular EMR Pulses
- Applications of the Extended Theory of Selective Photothermolysis
- Treatment Parameters and Applications
- Extended Theory of Selective Photothermolysis
- Theory of Photothermal Interaction
- Photothermal and Photomechanical Mechanisms
- Mechanisms of Light Tissue Interaction
- Skin Optical Clearing
- Fluorescence
- Polarization Anisotropy
- Transmittance and Reflectance Spectra of Skin
- Optical Properties and Penetration Depth of Skin
- Refractive Index Variations in Skin
- Skin Chromophores and Fluorophores
- Light Propagation in Skin
- Laser versus Noncoherent Light Sources
- Light Delivery Fibers
- Lasers: Gas, Solid-State, and Diode
- Light Emitting and Superluminescent Diodes
- Arc Lamps
- Halogen Lamps
- Heat Sources
- Light Sources
- Polarization
- Light Refraction
- Coherence and Monochromaticity
- Continuous Wave and Pulsed Light
- Light Beam and Divergence
- Energy and Power
- Wavelength Range
- What is Light?
- Physics Behind Light-Based Systems: Skin and Hair Follicle Interactions with Light
- Treatment Effects
- Intrinsic Aging of Skin
- Photodamage to Skin
- Changes in Skin Structure and Integrity as a Function of Environment and Aging
- Basics of Skin Physiology
- Skin Biology: Understanding Biological Targets
- Treatment of Hair Growth Disorders
- The Mechanism of Androgen Action in Hair Follicles
- Androgens
- Pregnancy
- Hormonal Regulation of Human Hair Growth
- Seasonal Variation in Human Hair Growth
- Hormonal Coordination of Seasonal Changes in Animals
- Seasonal Changes in Hair Growth
- Hair Pigmentation
- Exogen—Hair Shedding
- Catagen—The Regressive Phase
- Anagen—The Growth Phase
- Telogen—The Resting Phase
- Changing the Hair Produced by a Follicle via the Hair Growth Cycle
- The Dermal Papilla
- The Outer Root Sheath
- The Inner Root Sheath
- The Hair Shaft
- Hair Follicle Anatomy
- The Functions of Hair
- BASIC TECHNOLOGY AND TARGETS FOR LIGHT-BASED SYSTEMS
- COSMETIC APPLICATIONS. OF LASER AND LIGHT-. BASED SYSTEMS
- Category: Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products
- THE SKIN CARE MARKET
- NEW USERS
- DELIVERY SYSTEMS
- SKIN TONE ALTERATION
- CUSTOMIZED PRODUCTS
- MEDICAL MIMICS
- NUTRACEUTICALS
- What Is Next in Skin Care Cosmetic Products?
- Substantiation of Efficacy
- Mechanisms of Action
- UBIQUINONE
- Efficacy
- Formulation
- Mechanisms of Action
- ALPHA-LIPOIC ACID Background
- Challenges in Formulation
- Mechanism of Action and Substantiation of Efficacy
- SOY EXTRACT: GENISTEIN Background
- Vitamin E with L-Selenomethionine
- Vitamins C and E with Ferulic Acid
- NEW COMBINATIONS OF ANTIOXIDANTS Vitamin C with Vitamin E
- Substantiation of Efficacy
- Effective Topical Formulation
- Mechanisms of Action
- SELENIUM
- Substantiation of Efficacy
- Challenges in Formulation
- VITAMIN E Background
- Substantiation of Efficacy
- Challenges in Formulation
- Mechanisms of Action
- VITAMIN C Background
- Topical Nutritional Antioxidants
- Assessment of Anti-inflammatory Activity by UVR Clinical Study
- Percutaneous Absorption Analysis
- DEVELOPMENT OF EFFECTIVE TOPICAL FORMULATIONS
- Gene Arrays
- Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR)
- ELISA-Based Screening
- BIOLOGICAL SCREENING ASSAYS TO IDENTIFY NOVEL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY COMPOUNDS
- ANTI-INFLAMMATORY COSMECEUTICAL “ACTIVES”
- Other Anti-inflammatory OTC and Prescription Drugs
- Immunomodulators
- Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS)
- PRESCRIPTION AND OVER-THE-COUNTER TREATMENTS FOR INFLAMMATION AND MECHANISM OF ACTION Steroids
- BIOLOGY OF SKIN INFLAMMATION
- Topical Anti-inflammatories
- White Nettle (Lamium album)
- Walnut (Juglans regia)
- Sweet Clover (Melilotus officinalis)
- Shepherd’s Purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris)
- Sage (Salvia officinalis)
- Poplar (Populus species)
- Pineapple (Ananas comosus)
- Peruvian Balsam (Myroxylon balsamum)
- Oat (Avena sativa)
- Oak (Quercus robai)
- Marigold (Calendula officinalis)
- Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia, L. officinalis)
- Jambolan (Syzygium cumini)
- Horsetail (Equisetum arvense)
- Heartsease (Viola tricolor)
- Flax (Linum usitatissimum)
- Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum)
- English Plantain (Plantago lanceolata)
- Chaste Tree (Vitexagnus-castus)
- Cajuput (Melaleuca leucadendra)
- Butcher’s Broom (Ruscus aculeatus)
- Bittersweet Nightshade (Solanum dulcamara)
- Agrimony (Agrimonia eupatoria)
- German Commission E Approved Herbs
- White Birch (Betulae folium)
- Wheat Germ (Triticum aestivum)
- Spearmint (Mentha spicata)
- Sesame (Sesamum orientale)
- Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens)
- Sarsaparilla (Smilax medica)
- Sandalwood (Santalum album)
- Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)
- Prickly Pear (Opuntia streptacantha)
- Papaya (Carica papaya)
- Olive (Olea europaea)
- Noni (Morinda citrifolia)
- Myrtle (Myrtus communis)
- Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra and G. uralensis)
- Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis)
- Hibiscus (Hibiscus sabdariffa)
- Eucommia Ulmoides Oliver (EUOL)
- Apple (Malus domestica)
- Scientifically Rational Herbs
- Western Herbal Mix
- Teas—Black, Green, Oolong, and White (Camellia sinensis)
- Tea Tree (Melaleuca altemifolia)
- St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum)
- Soy (Glycine soja)
- Pomegranate (Punica granatum)
- Oregon Grape (Mahonia aquifolium)
- Onion (Allium cepa)
- Neem (Antelaea azadirachta)
- Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum)
- Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis)
- Horse Chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum)
- Grape Seed (Vitis vinifera) / Pycnogenol / OPCs
- Gingko (Ginko biloba)
- German Chamomile (Matricaria recutita)
- Garlic (Allium sativa)
- Echinacea (Echinacea angustifolia, E. purpurea, E. pallida)
- Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera)
- Curcumin Derived from Turmeric (Curcuma domestica/longa)
- Camptotheca acuminata Decne
- Cayenne (Capsicum species)
- Black Seed (Nigella sativa)
- Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa)
- Avocado (Persea americana)
- Anise (Pimpinella anisum)
- Aloe (Aloe barbadensis, A. capensis, A. vera)
- SPECIFIC HERBS
- ADVERSE REACTIONS
- REGULATORY CLIMATE
- PROCESSING BOTANICALS
- Are They Safe and Effective?
- SAFETY AND TOXICOLOGY
- QUALITY ISSUES
- STANDARDIZATION OF EXTRACTS
- COSMETIC EXTRACTS
- HARVESTING PLANT MATERIAL
- ACCURATE IDENTIFICATION OF PLANT SPECIES
- SOURCING PLANT MATERIAL
- SELECTING PLANT SPECIES
- Topical Botanicals
- Lasers
- Photodynamic Therapy
- UV Radiation
- PHOTOTHERAPY
- MANUAL TREATMENTS
- Laboratory Monitoring
- Side Effects
- Dosing
- ISOTRETINOIN
- Oral Contraceptive
- Flutamide
- Cyproterone Acetate
- Spironolactone
- HORMONAL THERAPY
- Antibiotic Resistance
- Antibiotic Counseling
- Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
- Clindamycin
- Macrolides
- Tetracyclines
- ORAL ANTIBIOTICS
- OTHER TOPICAL TREATMENTS
- BENZOYL PEROXIDE
- HYDROXY ACIDS
- CLEANSERS
- Adverse Effects
- Tazarotene
- Adapalene
- Tretinoin
- TOPICAL RETINOID
- MORPHOLOGY
- Propionibacterium Acnes
- Inflammation
- Excess Sebum Production
- Follicular Epidermal Hyperproliferation
- Acne Treatment Methodologies
- Clinical Imaging in the Development and Evaluation of Over-the-Counter Acne Products
- Over-the-Counter Combination Therapy
- Alpha-Hydroxyl Acids
- Oral Supplements (Nutraceuticals)
- Capryloyl Salicylic Acid
- Retinaldehydes
- Botanicals
- Tea Tree Oil
- Adjunctive Acne Products
- Sulfur and Sulfur/Resorcinol Combinations
- Benzoyl Peroxide
- ADVANCES IN OVER-THE-COUNTER ACNE FORMULATIONS Salicylic Acid
- TRENDS IN OVER-THE-COUNTER ACNE FORMULATIONS
- FORMULATION OF OVER-THE-COUNTER ACNE PRODUCTS
- HIGHLIGHTS OF OVER-THE-COUNTER ACNE MONOGRAPH
- CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Over-the-Counter Acne Medications
- N-Acetylglucosamine—A Non-Acid Chemical Exfoliant for Aging Skin
- Salicylic Acid—A Topical Desmolytic
- Formulating Factors for the Hydroxyacids
- AHA, PHA, and Bionic Acid Use in Dermatology
- Exuviating Compounds: Alpha-Hydroxy Acids—Polyhydroxy Acids, and Bionic Acids
- CHEMICAL EXFOLIATION
- Microdermabrasion
- Shaving
- Bathing Devices
- PHYSICAL EXFOLIANTS: SCRATCHING THE SURFACE
- Topical Exfoliation—Clinical Effects and Formulating Considerations
- OUR THERAPEUTIC APPROACH
- Pigment Dye Lasers
- Intense Pulsed Light (IPL)
- Erbium:YAG Lasers
- Q-Switched Nd-Yag
- Q-Switched Alexandrite Lasers
- Pigment-Specific Lasers (Pulse-Dye Pigment, Q-Switched Alexandrite CO2, Q-Switched Ruby, and Q-Switched Nd-Yag)
- The Combination of CO2 and Q-Switched Alexandrite Lasers
- LASERS CO2 and Erbium
- DERMABRASION
- MICRODERMABRASION
- CHEMICAL PEELS
- PHYSICAL THERAPIES
- BOTANICALS
- Unsaturated Fatty Acids
- TOPICAL COSMECEUTICALS
- Ascorbic Acid
- 4-N-Butylresorcinol
- 4-Isopropylcatechol
- TOPICAL DEPIGMENTING AGENTS
- Medical and Surgical Approaches to Skin Lightening
- Sophorcarpidine
- Cinnamic Acid
- TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE
- Linoleic Acid
- Alpha Hydroxy Acids
- SKIN TURNOVER ACCELERATION
- Soybean Trypsin Inhibitor
- RWJ-50353
- Niacinamide
- INHIBITION OF MELANOSOME TRANSFER
- Alpha-Tocopherol (a-Toc)
- Thioctic Acid (Alpha-Lipoic Acid)
- Magnesium-L-Ascorbyl-2-Phosphate (VC-PMG)
- Ascorbic Acid
- PRODUCT REDUCTION AND REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES
- Ellagic Acid (Copper Chelation)
- Licorice Extract
- Arbutin
- Aloesin
- Paper Mulberry Extract
- Azelaic Acid
- Kojic Acid
- TYROSINASE INHIBITION
- Skin Lightening Agents
- THE FUTURE OF COSMECEUTICALS
- Science vs. Science Fiction
- HOW TO SELECT THE “BEST” FORMULATION OF A COSMECEUTICAL Stability
- Cell Signaling: DMAE
- Cell Signaling: DHEA
- Cell Signaling: Copper Peptides
- Cell Signaling: Amino Peptides
- Antioxidants: Idebenone (Hydroxydecyl Ubiquinone)
- Antioxidants: Co-Q10 (Ubiquinone)
- Antioxidants: Alpha-Lipoic Acid
- Growth Factors: Kinetin (Plant Growth Factor)
- Growth Factors: EGF/TGF
- Enzymes: SOD
- Vitamins: B5 (Panthenol)
- Vitamins: B3 (Niacinamide)
- Vitamins: K
- Vitamins: C and E
- CATEGORIES OF CURRENTLY POPULAR COSMECEUTICALS IN DERMATOLOGY
- International Regulations
- DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL REGULATORY GUIDELINES IMPACTING COSMETICS
- RX vs. Cosmetics—the Response of the Skin’s Structure and Function to Cosmeceuticals
- The Skin’s Response to Environmental Damage and Chronologic Aging
- The Role of Cosmeceuticals in Dermatology
- Plant Extract Components
- Moisturizers
- Product/Formulation Challenge
- UBIQUINONE (CO-ENZYME Q10)
- Product/Formulation Challenge
- Efficacy
- TRITERPENOIDS
- Product/Formulation Challenge
- KINETIN (N6-FURFURYLADENINE)
- Efficacy
- DIMETHYLAMINOETHANOL (DMAE)
- Product/Formulation Challenges
- Efficacy
- Mechanisms
- PEPTIDES
- Product/Formulation Challenges
- Efficacy
- VITAMIN C Forms
- Product/Formulation Challenges
- Efficacy
- Mechanisms
- VITAMIN B3 orms
- Product/Formulation Challenges
- Efficacy
- Mechanisms
- Anti-aging Skin Care Formulations
- PATIENT RECOMMENDATIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
- PHOTOPROTECTION AND VITAMIN D
- EFFECTIVENESS OF PHOTOPROTECTION
- BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION
- PHOTOCARCINOGENESIS REDUCTION BY WEARING CLOTHING
- PHYSICAL SUNSCREENS
- CHEMICAL SUNSCREENS
- TYPES OF SUNSCREENS AND MECHANISMS OF ACTION
- SUNSCREENS
- PHOTOCARCINOGENESIS-DECREASING PHOTOPROTECTION MODALITIES
- SPECTRAL DIFFERENCES RELATED TO UV PHOTOCARCINOGENESIS
- RELATIONSHIP OF UV EXPOSURE TO SKIN CANCER DEVELOPMENT
- Photoprotection and the Prevention of Photocarcinogenesis
- National Institutes of Health/Environmental Protection Agency (http://www. nih. gov/)
- American Society for Photobiology and European Society for Photobiology (http://www. pol-us. net/)
- SAFE SUN STRATEGY
- REGULATORY ISSUES
- Improving Sunscreen Product Aesthetics
- FORMULATION CHALLENGES
- Products
- Ingredients
- Function
- SELF-TANNING PRODUCTS
- Skin Compatibility
- Products
- Active Ingredients: UV Filters
- SUNSCREENS
- Sunscreens
- Other Surgical Treatment Options
- Prescription Medications
- Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy Surgery
- Iontophoresis
- Treatment
- MEDICAL APPROACHES TO HYPERHIDROSIS
- INTRODUCING NEW ANTIPERSPIRANT ACTIVE FORMULATIONS
- FORMULATING FOR THE CONSUMER
- Formulation Variations
- FORMULATION
- Function of Deodorants
- Function of Antiperspirants
- Recommended and Approved Uses
- ANTIPERSPIRANT EFFICACY
- European Union
- Regulatory Status
- ANTIPERSPIRANTS
- History
- Antiperspirants
- BASIC CLEANSER FORMULATIONS
- THE SIGNIFICANCE OF GENTLE SKIN CLEANSING
- SPECIAL ADDITIVES AND INGREDIENTS
- FORMULATION CHARACTERISTICS
- BALANCING EFFECTS AND COSMETIC ELEGANCE OF PRODUCT COMPONENTS
- COMPONENTS OF MOISTURIZER FORMULATIONS
- CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS OF EXOGENOUS MOISTURIZATION
- IMPACT OF EXOGENOUS MOISTURIZATION ON BARRIER REPAIR
- EPIDERMAL BARRIER INTEGRITY, FUNCTION, AND REPAIR
- THE EPIDERMAL BARRIER AND WATER CONTENT
- BASIC SKIN CARE PROCESSES
- Factors Influencing Optimal Skin Care and Product Selection
- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
- SC Barrier Augmentation by Inducing Epidermal Lipogenesis
- SC Barrier Augmentation by Inducing Epidermal Differentiation
- Hydroxy Acids
- Bilayer-Forming Lipid
- MANAGEMENT OF DRY SKIN
- THE “DRY SKIN CYCLE” MODEL: A NEW WAY TO DESCRIBE INDUCTION AND PROPAGATION OF THE XEROSIS
- THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF WINTER - AND SOAP-INDUCED DRY SKIN
- THE EFFECT OF HUMIDITY ON EPIDERMAL DIFFERENTIATION AND STRATUM CORNEUM QUALITY
- STRATUM CORNEUM NATURAL MOISTURIZING FACTORS (NMF)
- CORNEOCYTE ENVELOPE MATURATION AND THE ROLE OF TRANSGLUTAMINASES
- STRATUM CORNEUM CORNEODESMOSOMES AND CORNEODESMOLYSIS
- STRATUM CORNEUM LIPID CHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
- STRATUM CORNEUM AND EPIDERMAL STRUCTURE
- The Dry Skin Cycle
- ADVERSE REACTIONS
- USES IN DERMATOLOGY
- CLAIMS TESTING METHODS
- PRODUCT CLAIMS
- Formulation Challenges
- New and Patented Ingredients/Applications
- FORMULATION CONSIDERATIONS Product Forms and Ingredients
- FUNCTION AND ORDER OF APPLICATION WITHIN A SKIN CARE REGIMEN
- PRODUCT NOMENCLATURE
- Toners and Astringents
- Body Cleansing
- Facial Cleansing
- SOME PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS WHEN CHOOSING A PERSONAL CLEANSER
- Other Ingredient Considerations
- Surfactant Binding to Stratum Corneum Proteins and Surfactant Penetration
- Removal of Skin Lipids (Delipidization)
- Surfactant Interactions with the Skin
- PERSONAL CLEANSER EFFECTS ON SKIN
- Tests of Cleansing Efficiency
- SKIN CLEANSING Soil Removal
- Personal Cleansing Products: Properties and Use
- ACNE ISSUES
- CONTACT DERMATITIS ISSUES
- Rosacea
- Atopic Dermatitis
- Eczema
- SENSITIVE SKIN
- HAIR SHAFT ARCHITECTURE
- SKIN COLOR
- AGE ISSUES
- GENDER
- Formulation for Special Populations
- Male Genitalia
- Female Genitalia
- Underarms
- Body
- Neck
- Scalp
- Nails and Cuticles
- Feet
- Hands
- Lips
- Eyelids
- Face
- SITE-SPECIFIC CUTANEOUS NEEDS
- Cutaneous Formulation Issues
- Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products
- Preface
- Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products
- Category: Cosmetics
- Category: Fashion
- Category: FOR ALL MAKEUP ARTISTS, EVERYWHERE
- Category: Future
- Category: Get positively beautiful
- Category: Interesting
- Category: MAKEUP ARTISTRY
- Category: Modern
- Category: News
- Category: Ornamentation
- Category: Professionally
- Category: Reviews
- Category: Showing
- Category: Special Makeup Effects for Stage and Screen
- Category: Style
- Category: The Best of the Best Free Email Updates
- Animal rights
- The Beauty industry’s effect on girls
- Correcting Some popular makeup Myths
- Choosing color
- Balance, proportion, and detail
- Turning daytime makeup into night
- Touching up
- Applying lip Color
- Choosing lip Colors
- Types of lipstick
- Lipstick and lip pencil
- Choosing a blush Color
- Applying blush and Contouring
- Types of blush
- Applying Contour
- Types of Contour
- Contouring
- What eyebrow Color should you use?
- Shaping the eyebrows
- Eyebrow Shaping and Shading
- Eye makeup—is it Safe?
- False eyelashes
- Applying mascara
- Types of mascara
- Mascara
- Checking for mistakes
- Applying eyeliner
- Types of eyeliner
- Eyeliner
- Eye-design mistakes to avoid
- Eyeshadow Tips
- Applying an eye-makeup design
- Designing the eye makeup
- Using brushes to apply eyeshadow
- Types of eyeshadow
- Eyeshadow
- Powder mistakes to avoid
- Mineral Makeup
- Talc in face powders: friend or foe?
- Types of powder
- Powder
- Brush Techniques
- Brush quality and Care
- Brushes
- Blending over those fine little wrinkles
- Blending foundation
- Types of foundation
- Where to shop
- The final decision
- Exception to the rule of matching skin Color
- Finding the perfect foundation Color
- Foundation
- Techniques for blending Concealer
- Types of Concealers
- Concealer
- The classic face
- Primers
- Less is best!
- Before you Start
- Where to Begin
- Does makeup change with age?
- Dressing your face—What’s in fashion?
- Why Wear Makeup?
- Should you Judge a book by its cover?
- Making Sense of Makeup
- Sebaceous hyperplasia
- Skin tags
- Whiter Teeth
- Seasonal changes
- Eyelash dyes
- Foundation settling into pores and lines
- Feeling beautiful during the trauma of cancer
- Using different Products from different lines
- Expensive versus inexpensive
- Perioral Dermatitis-Red bumps Around the mouth
- Dry skin Around the lips
- Chapped lips
- Puffy Eyes
- Bloodshot eyes
- Bleeding lipstick
- Flaking eyeshadow
- Small lips
- Self-Tanner mishaps
- Lashes falling out
- Dark circles
- Problems? Solutions!
- Athlete’s foot
- No more dry, Callused heels
- Corns, Calluses, and Bunions
- Ingrown nails
- When the nail gets Sick
- Nail do’s and don’ts
- Nail Strengtheners
- Fake nails—Real problems
- Nail polish That lasts
- Manicures and pedicures
- Cuticle Care
- Calcium
- Fluoride
- Hard as nails
- Body itches
- Seriously dry hands
- Sun protection, and more
- What are all those Bumps on my arms and legs?
- Preventing Red Bumps after Shaving
- Smoothest legs in the world
- Perfume and its mysteries
- Aromatherapy?
- Bath Salts
- Bath oils
- Antibacterial Cleansers
- Body Scrubs
- Body washes
- The Joy of bathing
- Spa Treatments
- Body and nail Care
- Thigh lift ($5,ooo to $7,500)
- Removing varicose veins ($500 to $2,ooo)
- Sclerotherapy ($250 to $i,000)
- Liposuction ($i, ooo to $2,ooo)
- Buttock lift ($4,500 to $7,ooo)
- ($8,ooo to $io, ooo)
- ($4,000 to $8,000)
- Breast implants, breast augmentation. (Augmentation mammoplasty)
- Arm lift (brachioplasty) ($3,ooo to $6,ooo)
- From the neck down
- Microdermabrasion ($зоо to $i,000)
- Lip augmentation or reduction ($2,500 to $4,ooo)
- The equipment
- What photorejuvenation does
- Subcutaneous brow and Forehead lift
- Forehead lift (Brow Lift—Transblepharoplasty brow lift)
- FAT IMPLANTS
- DEEP-PLANE LIFT
- Temporal lift
- S-LIFT OR MINI-LIFT
- NECK LIFT
- Subperiosteal lift
- SMAS-Lift (Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System)
- Classic or Traditional Face-Lift
- Face-lift (rhytidectomy) ($5,ooo to $io, ooo)
- Eyelid surgery (blepharoplasty) ($2,500 to $5,ooo)
- Ear surgery (otoplasty) ($2,ooo to $з,000)
- Radiesse
- Silicone Injections
- Artecoll
- Synthetic Grafts/Implants
- Fascian Fillers
- Hyaluronic acid Derived Fillers
- Fat Transfer Fillers
- Bioengineered human collagen Fillers
- Human-Derived Collagen or Donor Fillers
- Animal-Derived Collagen Fillers
- Non-permanent versus permanent fillers
- DERMAL FILLERS ($500 TO $3,000)
- Dermabrasion ($1,000 TO $2,500)
- Collagen injections ($325 to $i,400)
- Chin augmentation (Mentoplasty) Chin reduction ($i,700 to $5,ooo)
- Chemical peels ($500 to 2,700)
- Cheekbone (malar) augmentation ($2,ooo to $з,500)
- Myobloc (Botulinum toxin b) ($300 to $i, ooo)
- From the neck up
- Possibilities from a to Z
- Pretreatment
- What to ask
- There are risks
- Looking younger: A GAME PLAN
- Strategic Planning
- When to have a Procedure
- Everyone’s face is different
- One Procedure is not enough
- Medical cosmetic. corrective Procedures
- Growing Eyelashes—A Behind-the-Scenes expose
- Bald Busting—Scams or Solutions?
- Hair transplants
- Melatonin
- Birth-Control pills
- Hormone Blockers
- Ketoconazole
- Tagamet
- Azelaic acid
- Tretinoin
- Saw palmetto
- Propecia
- Minoxidil
- Can they really Stop hair loss?
- Blood Flow and hair loss
- Male pattern baldness
- Why Does hair Stop Growing?
- How does hair Grow?
- Growing Hair
- Hair-Removal warning!
- Vaniqa
- At-Home lasers? maybe!
- Laser hair removal
- Shaving
- Home electrolysis
- Electrolysis
- Bleaching
- Tweezing or Threading
- Sugaring
- Waxing
- Depilatories
- Hair-Brained ideas?
- Hair removal
- Dermatologists in the Spa business
- Snake oil at its best
- What toxins are being detoxed?
- Detoxing the Sham of detoxing
- Lymph drainage
- Microdermabrasion
- What Spa Services make Sense?
- Should you Get a facial?
- What you can do
- Hypoallergenic?
- What can you Be Allergic to?
- Solutions for. Allergy-Prone Skin
- What about Scars from acne?
- Mederma
- Needling
- Stretch marks
- Silicone Sheets for keloidal Scarring
- Keloid and hypertrophic Scarring
- Vitamin e for Scars?
- After the wound has healed
- What to do When your Skin is injured
- Solutions for Wounds, Scars, or Stretch marks
- Liposuction
- Skin patches
- Body Wrapping
- Electrical muscle Stimulators and iontophoresis devices
- Non-Ablative lasers, light Systems, and radio frequency
- Endermologie
- Mesotherapy
- Visnaga vera extract
- Ulva lactuca extract
- Santalum album seed extract
- Ruscogenine
- Retinoids
- Pisum sativum
- Paullinia cupana seed extract
- Malva sylvestris extract
- Hesperidin
- Ginkgo biloba leaf extract
- Ahas and bha
- Escin
- Carnitine
- Caffeine
- Bupleurum falcatum extract
- Atractyloydes lancea root extract
- Aminophylline and Theophylline
- Agrimonia eupatoria leaf extract
- Fat-Busting lotions, Creams, and extracts galore
- What Causes Cellulite
- Reality only Hurts a little
- Solutions for Cellulite
- Solutions for eczema—Atopic dermatitis
- Eczema (Atopic dermatitis)
- Seborrhea
- Solutions for. Seborrhea and eczema
- Combination Therapy
- Elidel
- 5-fluorouracil
- Etanercept and infliximab
- Oral forms of vitamin a (retinoids)
- Cyclosporin
- Methotrexate
- Argan oil
- Salicylic acid (bha)
- Retinoids
- Topical Steroids/Cortisone
- Vitamin D3
- Anthralin
- Prescription Only Treatments for psoriasis
- The Sun
- Trial and error
- Skin Care
- Nail psoriasis
- Types of psoriasis
- What causes psoriasis?
- The heartbreak of psoriasis
- Solutions for psoriasis
- Lasers and light-emitting devices
- Lifestyle Considerations
- Renova or differin
- Oral antibiotics
- Azelaic acid
- Topical antimicrobial treatments
- Antioxidants
- Salicylic acid
- Gentle Skin-Care products
- Solutions for rosacea
- Rosacea can affect the eyes
- Rosacea or acne?
- Types of rosacea
- Rosacea
- Another Problem
- Solutions for rosacea
- Empty, enlarged pores?
- Struggling with Blackheads and large pores
- Solutions for blackheads
- You Still need Sunscreen
- Pore Strips?
- Removing Blemishes
- Sulfur
- Microdermabrasion
- Chemical peels
- Photodynamic therapy
- Oral Supplements for Acne?
- Hormone Blockers for Acne?
- Handling the Side effects of Accutane
- Depression from Accutane
- Accutane pregnancy warnings ignored
- Accutane-Risky Stuff
- What is Accutane—A possible cure?
- Accutane: a personal Saga
- Birth-Control pills for Acne?
- Niacinamide and nicotinic Acid for Acne
- Oral Antibiotics
- Azelaic Acid
- Differin
- Tretinoin for Blemishes
- Tea tree oil versus Benzoyl peroxide
- Dapsone: the latest Antibacterial Option
- Prescription Antibacterials
- Over-the-counter Antibacterial Options
- ExroLIANTS: BHA VERSUS Aha
- Blemish-fighting basics
- Will it make me Break Out?
- Oil-free is a bad joke
- Toothpaste for Acne? not
- What About diet?
- When to See a dermatologist
- What you Shouldn’t do
- Systemic Options
- Topical Options
- What you can do
- Or can you Zap Zits?
- You can’t Zap Zits
- Why me?
- What causes Blemishes?
- Busting Acne myths
- Solutions for Acne
- Practical guidelines for Dry Skin
- Drinking water
- Too much water can Be a problem
- Understanding Dry Skin—It isn’t about water
- Repairing the problem
- Solutions for Dry Skin
- Combination Treatments
- Fractional photothermolysis
- Intense pulsed light
- Laser and light Treatments
- Vitamin C
- Other alternatives
- Arbutin
- Azelaic acid
- Kojic acid
- Ahas and bha and chemical peels
- Tretinoin and retinol
- Hydroquinone
- Sunscreen
- Cosmetic industry hype
- Skin lightening
- Solutions for. Skin lightening
- Supplements for hormonal changes
- AHAs and BHA for Postmenopausal women
- Skin-Care Options
- Hormone replacement therapy
- Hormones for Wrinkles and healing
- When your body makes less estrogen
- Solutions for Perimenopause. & menopause
- Sunscreen, Tretinoin, and exfoliants — A Very good place to Start
- Cellular renewal and repair
- How Skin ages and Wrinkles
- Why “Anti-Wrinkle” creams C^atTWork Better than Botox
- Dry Skin doesn’t cause Wrinkles
- Solutions for wrinkles
- Facial masks
- Moisturizers (They Aren’t What you Think They Are)
- Sunscreen
- Retinoids (retinol, Retin-A, Differin, and Tazorac)
- Exfoliants
- Alcohol is Always a Problem for Skin
- What do Toners Tone?
- Water Temperature is important!
- Washcloths versus Scrubs
- Removing all your makeup is Essential
- Eye-Makeup removers
- What about bar Soap?
- Sunscreen in Cleansers
- What about Cleansers with “Active” ingredients?
- What is the Best Cleanser?
- Cleaning the Skin
- Going Over the basics
- Skin-Care Planning:. going over the Basics
- Exfoliating Sun-Damaged Skin
- Exfoliating dry Skin
- Exfoliating Oily Skin
- Polyhydroxy acids
- Can you Exfoliate Too often?
- What about higher concentrations of AHAs?
- Bha impostors
- Aha impostors
- PH Sensitive aha and bha
- What about cleansers with ahas or bha ingredients?
- How do you use ahas or bha?
- How do you choose which exfoliant is best for you?
- Scrubs versus ahas and bha
- Ahas versus bha
- Why Exfoliate
- What happens When you Exfoliate
- Skin Should Exfoliate naturally
- Every Skin Type can Benefit. from Exfoliating
- Is there a difference between a daytime versus nighttime moisturizer?
- What about eye Creams?
- Dry patches of Skin
- Dry underneath and Oily on top
- For those with normal to Oily Skin or Minimal dryness
- Taking Care of dry Skin
- What are Serums, Treatments, Anti-Wrinkle products, etcetera for?
- There is no Single Miracle ingredient
- Skin is permeable
- Anti-Irritants
- Acetyl hexapeptide-3
- Peptides
- Cell-Communicating ingredients
- Skin-Identical ingredients
- Antioxidants
- Free-radical damage
- What Every Skin Type needs
- Skin Care & moisturizers
- Buying Sunglasses
- After-Sun Care
- Actinic keratosis
- Skin cancer and Sun damage
- Tanning Pills?
- The art of Self-Tanning
- For the little ones
- Sunscreens for Oily Skin
- Sun Protection for different Skin types
- How long do Sunscreens last?
- SPF-rated clothing
- How high Should you Go?
- Why you may Still Get tan When using Sunscreen
- Sun risk from using AHAs, bhA, or Tretinoin?
- Sunburn
- Water resistant not waterproof
- Applying Sunscreen: how much, When, and Where
- Uva versus uvb
- . What about SPF?
- Sun Strategy
- Can Sunscreen affect Skin negatively?
- Suntanning machines
- Does Sunscreen inhibit Vitamin d Production?
- Vitamin d and Sun
- Sunscreen: Anti-Aging Friend or foe?
- Suntanning is not Pretty
- Understanding UV
- Sun Sense and Sensibility
- Diet, Beauty Supplements, and wrinkles
- Allergic reactions
- Fragrance in Skin-Care Products
- Don’t Smoke
- Heat is a Problem
- Anti-Irritants and Anti-Inflammatories
- How to Be gentle
- Inflamm-aging
- Skin’s Enemy: irritation. and inflammation
- Determining your Skin Type
- Does Skin color or ethnicity affect Skin care?
- Mature Skin folly: Skin Type has nothing to do with your age
- Everyone has Sensitive Skin
- Skin-Care products Can influence Skin Type and not in a good Way!
- Unseen Skin Types below the Surface
- Combination Skin is the most confusing Skin Type
- Will i ever have “normal” Skin?
- Will My Skin Type Change?
- What influences Skin Type?
- Skin Type?
- Shopping for Organic Cosmetics
- Other Organic & Pro natural groups
- Organic Outrage: the industry battles itself
- Organic in name Only?
- Check the labels for the truth
- The Organic market: Full steam (Distillation) Ahead!
- Green Chemistry Defined
- Organic food’s relation to Cosmetics
- Organic cosmetics Do “natural” One better
- Drinking collagen to Fight Wrinkles?
- Botanicals or all natural?
- Stem cells in Skin-Care Products?
- Sodium lauryl sulfate
- Phthalates
- Propylene glycol
- Oxygen for the skin
- Nanotechnology
- Parabens and Preservatives
- Mineral Oil and Petrolatum
- Frauds & fears
- The io Beauty Commandments everyone should Know
- Why We Believe
- Cosmeceuticals: doctors Get in on the act
- Brand-Name loyalty
- Advertising victims
- Myth Busting: 30 major Beauty myths and the real facts
- A perfect example of how “Studies” Can mislead
- The Business of Claim Substantiation — Our Study Shows
- Why Cosmetics Companies Can mislead legally
- Understanding the hype
- Cosmetics Chemistry—An art and a science
- Struggling with the Cosmetics Industry
- The Best Ingredients for Skin?
- A Personal Beauty Miracle
- A Personal Quest
- Let Me Introduce Myself
- All Over the World
- The Beauty Industry:. universally Crazy
- Note from the publisher
- Category: Trends
- Category: Unusual
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