Periosteal refers to the thick membrane that covers the surface of bones. The subperiosteal lift is a technique used for the mid – and upper-face area, an area that is not helped by the typical face-lift (cutting and pasting skin around the ear area) or by endoscopic face-lifts (which reposition fat tissue and muscles without cutting and pasting). This is an aggressive technique that removes all the tissue and muscles attached to the bone and reshapes them into a more youthful position over the face. The benefit of the subperiosteal approach to the midface is the ability to lift the center of the face, improving the appearance of the nasal labial folds, smoothing the cheek area, and tightening the eye area. (Sources: Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, December 2007, pages 1287-1295; and Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, September 1999, pages 842-851.) However, anytime work is done deeper under the skin the risk of impairment to nerve endings increases.