This laser emits light at a wavelength of 1064 nm, and skin penetration of this laser will be the highest of the lasers discussed while the melanin absorption will be the lowest [97]. This low melanin absorption has been used to design lasers that are safer for the skin of subjects with darker skin, or […]

The diode laser emits laser energy in the 800 nm wavelength range and the absorption of the laser light by melanin is similar to the alexandrite laser [56]. A recent study has reported the use of the diode laser to treat persons with skin types V and VI skin types using two treatment regimens [95]. […]

The long-pulse alexandrite laser has a similar mode of action as the ruby laser, but the former is thought to have several advantages [89]. The use of the 755 nm wavelength allows for deeper penetration into the dermis. However, there is a 20% reduction in the absorption of the laser light at this wavelength compared […]

Ruby lasers generate light at a wavelength of 694 nm, which is absorbed by the melanin in the skin more than some of the longer wavelengths, making it safer for treating individu­als with dark hair and light skin. This wavelength of light does not penetrate as deep as some other lasers, making it better suited […]

The most successful treatment of darker skin types has been reported when careful consid­eration of the epidermal tissue response to the treatment has been taken into account [3,4]. The use of test spots to select the best fluence and pulse duration for each individual has been reported to be helpful in reducing side effects. If […]

While the amount of hair reduction varies depending on the treatment parameters and body site, most reports have proved that multiple treatments are necessary to achieve the best results [75-80]. As a rule, 6-10 laser treatments are required during the first year to achieve long-term results [59]. With most laser systems, a single treatment can […]

To reduce the damage to the upper layers of the skin, surface cooling is directed at the dermo-epidermal junction where the highest amounts of epidermal melanin reside [68]. The heat generated by the laser treatment must be exchanged between the cooling device and skin stratum corneum [69]. Four types of cooling have been developed to […]

When treating people with dark-colored skin, the increase in the density of the mel – anosmes and sensitivity of the skin to inflammation should be taken into account [65]. Blistering, changes in pigmentation, scabbing, thrombophlebitis, and scar formation are some of the side effects found during removal of unwanted hair with laser [3]. Posttreat­ment increases […]

To achieve long-lasting or permanent hair reduction, the heat must diffuse, not only to the bulb region, but also to the stem cells of the outer root sheath and the bulb region [60]. To ensure maximum safety and efficacy, the wavelength, pulse duration, and fluence of the laser must be selected in such a way […]