Diligent and consistent use of sunscreen with the UVA-protecting ingredients of avoben- zone (buytl methoxydibenzyl methane), Tinosorb, Mexoryl SX (ecamsule), titanium dioxide, or zinc oxide, is the first line of defense when tackling skin discolorations. Many researchers feel that 2% to 4% hydroquinone lotions can be more effective when combined with Retin-A or Renova, and AHAs or BHA, along with other plant extracts, vitamins, and/or azelaic acid. It is also extremely helpful to consider chemical peels or laser treatments to remove or lighten skin discolorations; you can then use topicals to maintain the improvement. (Sources: Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, April 2004, pages 76-87; and Cosmetic Dermatology, August 2001, pages 13-16.)